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Nutrition environments in early childhood education: do they align with best practice?
- Anna Aristova, Alison C Spence, Christopher Irwin, Audrey Elford, Laura Graham, Penelope Love
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- Journal:
- Public Health Nutrition / Volume 27 / Issue 1 / 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 29 April 2024, e124
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- Article
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- Open access
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Objective:
To assess the comprehensiveness (scope of nutrition guidance) and strength (clarity of written language) of centre-based nutrition policies (CBNP) within early childhood education (ECE) centres. To also consider the applicability of an existing CBNP assessment tool and policy alignment with best practice food provision and feeding practices.
Design:Cross-sectional online study to assess written ECE CNBP using the Wellness Child Care Assessment Tool.
Setting:Licenced ECE centres in the state of Victoria, Australia.
Participants:ECE centres (operating at least 8 h per d, 48 weeks per annum), stratified by location (rural and metropolitan), centre management type (profit and not-for-profit) and socio-economic area (low, middle, high).
Results:Included individual CBNP (n 118), predominantly from metropolitan centres (56 %) and low-medium socio-economic areas (78 %). Policies had low overall Wellness Child Care Assessment Tool scores, particularly strength scores which were low across all four domains (i.e. nutrition education, nutrition standards, health promotion and communication/evaluation). The nutrition standards domain had the lowest strength score. The communication/evaluation domain had the lowest comprehensiveness score. Content analysis indicated low scores may relate to the Wellness Child Care Assessment Tool applicability for the Australian context due to differences in best practice guidance.
Conclusion:Despite the presence of written nutrition policies in ECE centres, many showed weak language and lacked comprehensiveness and strength. This may relate to poor implementation of best practice food provision or feeding practices. Low scores, however, may partly stem from using an assessment tool that is not country-specific. The redevelopment of country-specific tools to assess ECE CNBP may be warranted.
5 - Decoration in the Desert: Unsettling the Order of Architecture in the Certosa di San Martino
- Edited by Maria Fabricius Hansen, Chris Askholt Hammeken
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- Book:
- Ornament and Monstrosity in Early Modern Art
- Published by:
- Amsterdam University Press
- Published online:
- 21 November 2020
- Print publication:
- 05 August 2019, pp 153-174
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Summary
Abstract
This chapter examines the early-seventeenth-century decoration of Cosimo Fanzago at the Carthusian monastery of San Martino, Naples. Mixing classical architectural vocabulary and strange, organic flourishes, Fanzago's work is powerfully suggestive, yet never settles down into recognizable elements. This chapter considers how such monstrous, non-figural ornament might be interpreted without recourse to iconography. Fanzago's doorways both question the limits and celebrate the potential of classical architecture. Their fluid, polymorphous forms echo contemporary anxieties about architecture's monstrous productivity. The unsettling, unravelling decoration furthermore questions the nature of monastic enclosure. Through comparison with a Carthusian book of emblems, the chapter reconsiders the space of retreat, and argues it is Fanzago's exploitation of the productive potential of the gap that makes his strange decoration fit for a Carthusian cloister.
Keywords: decoration, ornament, monastic architecture, Carthusians, Cosimo Fanzago
The whitewashed walkways of the Great Cloister at the Certosa di San Martino in Naples (Ill. 5.1) do not feature grotesques or beasts. Yet in Cosimo Fanzago's carved marble door surrounds (Ill. 5.2) in the four corners of the walkway, one is confronted with architecture that is disconcertingly fluid, polymorphous, unsettling (Ills. 5.3 and 5.4). Split between presenting doors and presenting busts, the surrounds impinge upon the viewer's attention and trouble the distinction between content and framing. Fanzago's flourishes evoke elements of classical architectural vocabulary, yet the forms are in a constant state of flux, twisting, turning, deforming, and appearing in strange places. Although powerfully suggestive of monstrous creatures or faces, they never quite coalesce into fin, face, or tendril.
This chapter considers how these difficult forms might be interpreted. The nonfigural nature of the decoration makes it particularly challenging in the context of one of the most austere monastic orders. Neither here nor there, the forms escape definition. This chapter considers how Cosimo Fanzago's ornament troubles architecture and how its monstrous character taps into wider architectural discourses. In avoiding too literal a view of monstrosity, however, this study also aims to draw out the potentialities of ornament which become obscured by an iconographic approach, and which allow decoration to be considered a crucial, constructive component of the functioning of architecture.